Junipers are hardy and adaptable plants that can be used for a wide variety of bonsai styles. However, a few species are more suitable for certain types of growing conditions and some have particular qualities that make them better suited for specific designs. When choosing a juniper for your project, consider the final size and shape you hope to achieve, as well as its foliage color, density, and shape.
When using a bonsai juniper, it is important to remember that different work should be done at various times of the year in order for the tree to respond quickly and grow healthily. If work is done out of season, the tree may suffer damage or its metabolism may slow down.
For example, if you wish to bend or wire your juniper, the best time of year is early spring. This is when the tree produces new wood that is less dense than the older outer layers. It also has strong branches and buds, making it easier to manipulate than other trees that are more mature.
There are a variety of juniper species that can be used for bonsai, such as Juniperus procumbens (needle foliage), J. chinensis, J. sargentii, and J.communis hornbrookii (scale foliage). Some of these species are native to the U.S. and Canada, while others are found in temperate regions around the world. If you are unsure about which juniper to use for your project, it is a good idea to ask a local bonsai artist or a specialist nursery for recommendations.