A well-developed nebari is an essential aspect of bonsai styling, lending a sense of stability and maturity to the tree. It also contributes to the illusion of age and permanence, transforming the tree from a potted plant into a work of art. Developing a strong, attractive nebari requires meticulous cultivation and regular maintenance practices. It can take years and sometimes decades to achieve the desired result.
Developing a good nebari requires an understanding of the various factors that influence it. The soil type, pot size and shape, as well as pruning techniques are all important factors that can impact the growth of surface roots. The root structure also affects the development of the nebari, with the type of roots, their thickness and taper contributing to the appearance of the nebari.
To enhance the nebari, a variety of root pruning, repotting and buttressing techniques can be used. These techniques promote the growth of lateral roots and encourage the nebari to grow wider and thicker, with appropriate tapering to create a balanced appearance. The nebari should extend one-third to half the height of the trunk, establishing a harmonious design.
It’s important to note that not all trees have the potential to develop good nebari. Some mountain trees such as junipers naturally grow deep roots for stability and will not show any surface roots at all. To help encourage the growth of a more aesthetically pleasing nebari on these species, we often have to bury the root flare in order to protect them from the warmer, more nutrient rich soils underneath the potting medium.