The light your bonsai receives is vital to its health and vitality. It is the spark that ignites the magical process of photosynthesis, which plants use to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. The energy from the sun provides this light, and a consistent source of it is essential to ensuring that your tree gets what it needs for a healthy life.
Typically, a bonsai will need the same amount of light as its full sized counterpart. However, as the tree matures, its light requirements may change, especially when cultivated indoors. Inadequate light can lead to wilting leaves, reduced growth and less vibrant foliage.
If you are struggling to get your tree enough sunlight, the first thing to do is to move it closer to a window. This should solve most problems, but in some cases you may need to supplement your tree with a grow light.
Grow lights are specially designed electrical light sources that provide a constant source of light for your bonsai. They can be controlled via a timer or sensor and adjust their output to match the natural day/night cycle of your location and the season.
There are several types of grow lights on the market, but LED plant lights are the most popular due to their cost effectiveness and quality. They also produce very little heat, meaning that you can place the plant closer to the light without risking damage.
Metal halide lamps are also available, but they can be more expensive and can create significant heat. The lamp needs to be kept at a distance of one or two feet from the plant, otherwise it can burn the leaves.